Forgetfulness is often considered a normal part of ageing, but repeated memory problems, behavioural changes and difficulty managing daily activities may signal an underlying medical condition. A neurosurgeon explains the warning signs families should recognise and why early medical evaluation matters.
BENGALURU: Occasional forgetfulness is common as people grow older, but frequent or worsening memory loss should not always be dismissed as ageing. According to Dr Tejesh Shavi, Consultant, Neurosurgery, Manipal Hospitals Hebbal, changes in memory, behaviour and independence may require medical attention.
Here are five warning signs families should watch for:
1. Repeated memory problems
Forgetting keys or taking longer to recall a name can occur with normal ageing. However, repeatedly asking the same questions, forgetting familiar routes or failing to recognise people may indicate a more serious concern.
2. Difficulty with daily activities
Struggling with tasks once handled independently, such as paying bills, managing medicines or using familiar devices, can signal cognitive decline. Families should observe whether these difficulties are new, frequent or worsening.
3. Changes in walking and movement
Unsteadiness, difficulty walking and repeated falls may accompany certain neurological conditions. When movement problems occur alongside memory changes, medical evaluation becomes particularly important.
4. Behavioural and personality changes
Unusual agitation, apathy, paranoia, excessive daytime sleepiness or significant changes in personality should not be ignored. New headaches, seizures, unexplained weakness and speech difficulties also require medical assessment.
5. Loss of independence or progressive decline
When memory problems increasingly affect a person’s ability to manage everyday life, families should seek professional advice rather than attribute the changes to old age.
Why Early Evaluation Matters
Memory loss can result from treatable conditions, including vitamin deficiencies, metabolic problems, medication side effects and sleep disorders. Neurological conditions such as Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus and chronic subdural haematoma can also cause cognitive or behavioural changes.
Dr Shavi advises families to pay attention to changes from a person’s usual abilities and seek professional evaluation. Early assessment can help identify possible causes, explore treatment options and support care planning when conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease are diagnosed.
Recognising warning signs early can help families protect safety, preserve dignity and provide appropriate medical support.
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